South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern subcontinent of the Americas. The reference to South America instead of other regions (like Latin America or the Southern Cone) has increased in recent decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics (in particular, the rise of Brazil).
South America is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean, North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest. South America has an area of 17,840,000 square kilometres (6,890,000 sq mi). Its population as of 2018 has been estimated at more than 423 million.
List of South American Countries:
ARGENTINA
Capital
Buenos Aires
Official languages
Spanish
Area
27,80,400 Sq.km
Population
4.51 crores (17/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 75,69,245 crores
Currency
1 Argentine Peso = 0.77 INR
Major Cities
Cordoba, Rosario, Mendoza
BOLIVIA
Capital
Sucre, La Paz
Official languages
Spanish
Area
10,98,581 Sq.km
Population
1.17 crores (11/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 6,59,451 crores
Currency
1 Bolivian Boliviano = 10.51 INR
Major Cities
Santa Cruz de la Sierra, El Alto, Cochabamba
BRAZIL
Capital
Brasilia
Official languages
Portuguese
Area
85,15,767 Sq.km
Population
21.25 crores (25/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 2,41,80,387 crores
Currency
1 Brazilian Real = 14.28 INR
Major Cities
Sao Paulo, Rio De Janeiro, Salvador
CHILE
Capital
Santiago
Official languages
Spanish
Area
7,56,096 Sq.km
Population
1.91 crores (26/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 33,39,294 crores
Currency
1 Chilean Peso = 0.10 INR
Major Cities
Vina del Mar, Valparaiso, Concepcion
COLOMBIA
Capital
Bogota
Official languages
Spanish
Area
11,41,748 Sq.km
Population
5.08 crores (46/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 60,67,120 crores
Currency
1 Colombian Peso = 0.020 INR
Major Cities
Barranquilla, Cali, Cartagena
ECUADOR
Capital
Quito
Official languages
Spanish
Area
2,85,561 Sq.km
Population
1.76 crores (71/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 14,79,218 crores
Currency
1 USD = 73.23 INR
Major Cities
Guayaquil, Cuenca, Ambato
FALKLAND ISLANDS
Capital
Stanley
Official languages
English
Area
12,200 Sq.km
Population
3,480 (0.28/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 1,669 crores
Currency
1 Falkland Islands Pound = 103.425 INR
Major Cities
Goose Green, Port Howard
FRENCH GUIANA
Capital
Cayenne
Official languages
French
Area
83,534 Sq.km
Population
2.98 lakhs (4/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 35,670 crores
Currency
1 Euro = 88.63 INR
Major Cities
Kourou, Remire-Montjoly, Mana
GUYANA
Capital
Georgetown
Official languages
English
Area
2,14,970 Sq.km
Population
7.86 lakhs (4/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 1,00,051 crores
Currency
1 Guyanese Dollar = 0.349 INR
Major Cities
New Amsterdam, Rosignol, Mahaica
PARAGUAY
Capital
Asuncion
Official languages
Spanish
Area
4,06,796 Sq.km
Population
73.59 lakhs (18/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 7,39,732 crores
Currency
1 Paraguayan Guarani = 0.011 INR
Major Cities
Ciudad del Este, San Lorenzo, Luque
PERU
Capital
Lima
Official languages
Spanish
Area
12,85,216 Sq.km
Population
3.29 crores (26/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 28,20,244 crores
Currency
1 Peruvian Sol = 18.76 INR
Major Cities
Arequipa, Trujillo, Chiclayo
SURINAME
Capital
Paramaribo
Official languages
Dutch
Area
1,63,821 Sq.km
Population
5.75 lakhs (2.9/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 65,926 crores
Currency
1 Surinamese Dollar = 3.49 INR
Major Cities
Nieuw Nickerie, Moengo, Albina
URUGUAY
Capital
Montevideo
Official languages
Spanish
Area
1,76,215 Sq.km
Population
35.18 lakhs (51.3/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 6,55,879 crores
Currency
1 Uruguayan Peso = 1.68 INR
Major Cities
Salto, Ciudad de la Costa, Paysandu
VENEZUELA
Capital
Caracas
Official languages
Spanish
Area
9,16,445 Sq.km
Population
2.28 crores (87.4/Sq.km)
GDP
₹ 14,94,995 crores
Currency
1 INR = 424 Venezuelan Bolivares
Major Cities
Maracaibo, Barquismeto, Maracay
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